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Schoenoplectus lacustris (Common club-rush)
Cone phytoliths typical of sedges
Supporting literature:
Mehra, PN and Sharma, OP 1965 Epidermal silica ceIls in the Cyperaceae. Botanical Gazette 126: 53-58.
Ollendorf, A.L., 1992. Toward a classification scheme of sedge (Cyperaceae)…
Supporting literature:
Mehra, PN and Sharma, OP 1965 Epidermal silica ceIls in the Cyperaceae. Botanical Gazette 126: 53-58.
Ollendorf, A.L., 1992. Toward a classification scheme of sedge (Cyperaceae)…
Quercus sp. (Oak, acorn)
Shape: ovoid starch grains
Surface: smooth
Outer wall: single
Hilum: semi-eccentric
Extinction cross: bent arms
Lamellae: absent
Fissures: small longitudinal natural fissure
Plant part: nut
Supporting literature:
Weber, S. and Price,…
Surface: smooth
Outer wall: single
Hilum: semi-eccentric
Extinction cross: bent arms
Lamellae: absent
Fissures: small longitudinal natural fissure
Plant part: nut
Supporting literature:
Weber, S. and Price,…
Pisum sativum (Pea)
Shape: ovoid and/or elongated, non-lenticular starch grains.
Surface: wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: central, "often elongated on the same axis as the fissure" (Henry et al. 2009: Table 2)
Lamellae: sometimes…
Surface: wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: central, "often elongated on the same axis as the fissure" (Henry et al. 2009: Table 2)
Lamellae: sometimes…
Phaseolus coccineus (Scarlet Runner Bean)
Shape: ovoid - ellipsoid / kidney shaped (reniform) starch grains and sphere shaped starch grains (transitory)
Surface: smooth-wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: bold, yet distorted medially as both y and x…
Surface: smooth-wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: bold, yet distorted medially as both y and x…
Lens culinaris (Lentil)
Shape: ovoid and sometimes kidney shaped/reniform (non-lenticular)
Surface: smooth - wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: bilaterally symmetrical and often diffuse (Henry et al. 2009: Table 2).
Lamellae:…
Surface: smooth - wrinkled
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric
Extinction cross: bilaterally symmetrical and often diffuse (Henry et al. 2009: Table 2).
Lamellae:…
Hordeum vulgare (var. Bere) (Barley)
Shape: Lenticular - Circular/sub-circular in plan view, biconvex in side view.
Surface: smooth, sometimes with very faint dimples. Surface facets may be present, or a slight indentation at the hilum.
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric &…
Surface: smooth, sometimes with very faint dimples. Surface facets may be present, or a slight indentation at the hilum.
Outer wall: single
Hilum: centric &…
Hordeum vulgare (var. Bere) (Barley)
Rondels, diagnostic at Family level: Poaceae (Pooideae and Chlorideae).
These rondels were common in this modern sample of Hordeum inflorescence bracts alongside the elongate dendritic forms.
These rondels were common in this modern sample of Hordeum inflorescence bracts alongside the elongate dendritic forms.
Hordeum vulgare (var. Bere) (Barley)
Elongate dendritic long cells (multi-cellular articulated) - Diagnostic
Plant part: cereal inflorescence
Plant part: cereal inflorescence
Hordeum vulgare (var. Bere) (Barley)
Elongate dendritic long cells (multi-cellular articulated) - Diagnostic
Plant part: cereal inflorescence
Plant part: cereal inflorescence
Equisetum fluviatile (Water Horsetail)
Articulated epidermal and stomata cells.
Stomata and epidermal cells are diagnostic at the genus level (Equisetum). Epidermal cells feature "granulate surfaces and elevated projections along the edges" (Morris et al. 2009: 346; Piperno…
Stomata and epidermal cells are diagnostic at the genus level (Equisetum). Epidermal cells feature "granulate surfaces and elevated projections along the edges" (Morris et al. 2009: 346; Piperno…